Health & Education

INFLUENCE OF GYNECOLOGICAL COMORBID PATHOLOGY ON THE COURSE OF INFLAMMATORY DISEASES OF THE PELVIC ORGANS

2025-09-10T14:07:41+03:00

The article discusses modern approaches to the diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) in women with concomitant gynecological pathology. It is shown that the combination of pelvic inflammatory disease with such diseases as endometriosis, uterine fibroids, endometrial hyperplastic processes, functional ovarian cysts and other dyshormonal conditions significantly complicates the clinical course, contributes to the chronicity of the process and increases the risk of complications, including infertility, ectopic pregnancy, chronic pelvic pain and menstrual dysfunction. Particular attention is paid to the role of microbiological, immune, and endocrine imbalances in the development and recurrence of pathology. The difficulties of diagnosis in conditions of an erased or changed clinical picture against the background of concomitant pathology, as well as the need for a differentiated approach when choosing treatment tactics, are described. Effective algorithms for examining patients are considered, taking into account modern instrumental and laboratory methods that allow not only to identify the causative agent of the infection, but also to assess the general condition of the reproductive system. The article also emphasizes the importance of interdisciplinary interaction of specialists – obstetricians-gynecologists, family doctors, endocrinologists, immunologists – to achieve stable remission and prevent complications. The work emphasizes the need for a personalized approach to the treatment of women with combined gynecological pathology, based on clinical features, age, reproductive plans, and concomitant diseases. The presented material is of significant practical importance for specialists in the field of women’s health and is aimed at improving medical care, increasing its efficiency, and quality of life of patients with inflammatory and concomitant gynecological diseases.

THE ROLE OF CONTINUING EDUCATION IN THE PROFESSIONAL DEVELOPMENT OF MEDICAL STAFF

2025-09-10T14:13:50+03:00

Continuing professional development (CPD) plays a key role in improving the skills and professional adaptation of healthcare professionals. Its main goal is to ensure continuous updating of knowledge and skills in accordance with modern professional standards, technologies and evidence-based medicine.CPD includes participation in the process of formal, non-formal and informal education in the field of healthcare.Ukraine has a system of continuous professional development, which is regulated by legal documents and obliges doctors to select a certain number of CPD points through courses, seminars, conferences and other educational events.The purpose of the study was to determine the role and importance of continuous professional development in increasing the level of competence of medical professionals, and accordingly, improving the quality of medical services and introducing modern technologies into the healthcare system.This article presents the results of a comparative analysis of which continuous professional development measures are preferred by physicians. The leading positions belong to scientific and practical conferences and simulation trainings (36 % and 28 %, respectively). Regarding the choice of training mode, since the full-scale invasion of Ukraine, a change in the vector of training towards the online mode has been clearly observed (from 33 % to 78 % – online). Surveys of medical personnel and patients confirm the positive impact of BPR on the quality of medical care. In particular, medical workers note an increase in the level of professional competencies, a decrease in emotional stress, and career growth. Patients speak favorably about the comprehensive approach to providing medical care regardless of the profile of the department. The administration of the health care institution focuses on increasing the efficiency of the functioning of the medical institution as a whole, by reducing the number of bed days spent in a hospital and increasing funding from the National Health Insurance Fund based on maintaining an electronic system.

PROBLEMATIC ISSUES OF REHABILITATION OF PATIENTS OF REPRODUCTIVE AGE AFTER SURGICAL TREATMENT OF UTERINE FIBROIDS

2025-09-10T14:18:51+03:00

Problems of rehabilitation of patients reproductive system occupy a special place in gynecological practice.Aim. To study the degree of influence on the ovaries of mechanical techniques for reducing intraoperative blood loss during myomectomy in patients of reproductive age.The study included 64 patients with uterine leiomyoma without underlying ovarian pathology, surgically treated within the scope of myomectomy, using mechanical techniques of temporary blood flow arrest in the uterine tissues: the main group consisted of individuals (n = 32) who underwent laparoscopic myomectomy with the imposition of temporary clips on the internal iliac arteries; the 2nd comparison group included women who underwent laparotomic myomectomy with a tourniquet on the uterine arteries in the isthmus area (n = 32). The control group consisted of 34 patients without ovarian and uterine pathology who consulted a gynecologist for a preventive examination.The obtained results of the examination of intraovarian blood flow in the ovaries of patients of the main study groups in comparison with the control group indicated the presence of ovarian insufficiency as a result of myomectomy with the use of mechanical means of temporary blood flow arrest in the uterine tissues. Ultrasound examination of the ovaries and blood flow in the ovarian arteries, both before and in the postoperative period, in women who underwent myomectomy with mechanical means of temporary blood flow arrest in the uterine tissues, allows for timely detection of signs of the development of the syndrome of exhausted ovaries.All patients of reproductive age who underwent myomectomy with mechanical means of temporary blood flow arrest in the uterine tissues should be considered as a group at increased risk of developing premature ovarian exhaustion syndrome.The study was performed in accordance with the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki. The study protocol was approved by the Local Ethics Committee. Informed consent was obtained from women for the study.The authors declare no conflict of interest.

INTERNET ADDICTION AND DENTAL HEALTH: CURRENT DATA

2025-09-10T14:25:10+03:00

In the modern era, the Internet has become an integral part of life, transforming all aspects of daily living, including social, educational, and healthcare domains. Despite its numerous advantages, excessive or uncontrolled Internet use, manifested as Internet addiction, is associated with depression, aggression, mental disorders, and interpersonal difficulties, especially among young people. Internet addiction is also linked to an unhealthy lifestyle: physical inactivity, insufficient sleep duration, irregular eating habits, and increased consumption of sweets and sugary beverages. According to evidence, lifestyle mediates the negative impact of Internet addiction on oral health. A Korean study found that Internet addiction directly disrupts sleep and indirectly affects oral health-related quality of life. In Japanese adolescents, Internet addiction was found to be indirectly associated with dental caries through eight behavioral factors (oral hygiene, sleep, diet). Moreover, Internet addiction is associated with the use of psychoactive substances, smoking, overweight, obesity, anxiety, stress, and poor sleep – all of which increase the risk of dental diseases. Teenagers with uncontrolled Internet use exhibit poor oral hygiene, frequent consumption of sugary foods, and irregular eating patterns, which contribute to dental caries and a decline in Oral Health-Related Quality of Life (OH-QoL). These findings highlight the need to promote a healthy lifestyle and to develop preventive interventions aimed at reducing the negative impact of Internet addiction on both oral and general health. Internet addiction is not only a psychosocial issue but also a public health concern in dentistry that requires a comprehensive approach, medical education, and multidisciplinary collaboration.

СLINICAL AND LABORATORY CHARACTERISTICS OF LOWER EXTREMITY ARTERIAL DISEASE IN THE CONDITIONS OF COMORBIDITY

2025-09-10T14:31:54+03:00

Comorbidity is not only a global medical issue that determines the individual prognosis for each patient but also has widespread social consequences at the population level. This is particularly important for defining diagnostic and therapeutic approaches to patient management. Lower extremity arterial disease (LEAD) represents a serious medical and social problem. In patients with hypertension, it is accompanied by more pronounced hemodynamic disturbances, lipid profile abnormalities, and vascular structural changes, necessitating a comprehensive approach to diagnosis, treatment, and risk factor control. Furthermore, it has been observed that the prevalence of LEAD increases with a more significant decline in glomerular filtration rate (GFR). Logistic regression analysis has shown that uric acid and GFR are independent risk factors for diabetic LEAD. Endothelial dysfunction in diabetic nephropathy affects not only the renal capillaries but also the vascular system as a whole. Plasma proteins can penetrate through damaged endothelial cells, triggering vascular changes and promoting the progression of atherosclerosis. Elevated TNF levels in patients with LEAD are associated with worsening tissue trophism in the lower extremities, endothelial dysfunction, and overall physical weakness, often leading to the development of cachexia. TNF, also known as «cachectin», predicts poor prognosis in systemic atherosclerosis and circulatory disorders. Thus, LEAD is a disease with a pronounced systemic inflammatory component, similar to chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and the evaluation of pro-inflammatory markers could be used to predict disease progression, assess the risk of complications, and stratify patients by severity. Therefore, the combination of these pathologies necessitates a comprehensive approach to diagnosis, prevention, and treatment, aimed at addressing vascular, metabolic, and respiratory disorders.

HEARING DISORDERS IN PATIENTS WITH RESPIRATORY PATHOLOGY

2025-09-10T15:04:31+03:00

Respiratory pathologies are typically associated with their impact on the respiratory system; however, their consequences may extend beyond it, affecting entirely different organs and systems. The function of the inner ear largely depends on the supply of oxygen and blood to the cochlea; therefore, any disruption in cochlear oxygenation or blood flow can significantly reduce its sensitivity. According to recent scientific research, patients with COPD exhibit specific damage to the auditory pathways in the brainstem, as ABR test results demonstrated prolonged absolute latencies of waves I, III, and V in COPD patients, with significantly longer latencies in those with respiratory failure. However, interpeak latencies showed no significant difference compared to the control group. Pneumonia may directly affect hearing function, potentially leading to temporary or permanent impairment due to numerous interconnected factors. The delicate structures of the ear, including the middle and inner ear, may be affected by the inflammatory response caused by pneumonia. In the context of the COVID-19 pandemic, published clinical cases indicate a possible link between SARS-CoV-2 infection and hearing loss. Several hypotheses have been proposed to explain the role of this infection in the development of hearing impairment. One of the most likely causes is damage to the inner ear structures, particularly the hair cells of the cochlea.Although hearing loss is not considered a typical symptom of asthma, it may occur more frequently than previously assumed. The literature has reported worsening hypoxemic conditions in asthma patients. These patients often experience prolonged airway obstruction. Bronchospasms lead to ventilation-perfusion mismatch and pulmonary vasoconstriction, accompanied by reduced pulmonary blood flow. Thus, respiratory diseases can have a significant impact on auditory function. Special attention should be given to monitoring hearing in patients with a prolonged course of illness or those undergoing potentially ototoxic therapy.

THE IMPACT OF INTERACTIVE TEST EXAM ON STRESS LEVELS IN MEDICAL STUDENTS

2025-09-10T15:17:18+03:00

Determining the level of stress among future doctors is important, given the very specifics of medical professional activity with high responsibility, significant emotional and mental load that falls on their shoulders already during their studies. The purpose of the study was to assess the impact of the integrated test exam (STEP-1) on the level of stress among medical students. The study involved 84 students aged 19 to 24 years, who were studying in the 3rd–4th years of National Pirogov Memorial Medical University, Vinnytsia. We determined the level of stress using the test by V. Y. Shcherbatykh, which consisted of 4 blocks, in which the components of stress were determined – intellectual, behavioral, emotional and physiological. This survey was conducted with respondents twice: the first time in the 3rd year, namely before writing “STEP-1” and the second time in the 4th year after successfully passing the test. Among the respondents, 27 % were boys and 73 % were girls, aged 19 to 24. After analyzing the questionnaires, we saw that the level of stress decreased in the 4th year, namely, it was absent in 17.8 %, which is twice as much as in the 3rd. Compared to the first survey, the group of respondents who previously experienced strong and pronounced stress decreased almost by half due to the transition to a group with fewer manifestations of stress signs – to the moderate stress group. Accordingly, strong stress decreased to 28.6 % from 45 % and pronounced stress to 9.6 % from 18 %. Studying the intellectual signs of stress, we noted a high level of concentration difficulties in 3rd year students – 18 %, increased distraction – 15.3 %, and deterioration of memory performance – 11.5 %. Analyzing the behavioral signs of stress in the respondents, the prevalence of chronic lack of time was noted in both 3rd and 4th year students, 22.1 % and 19.4 %, respectively. A noteworthy fact that after passing “STEP-1”, such indicators as antisocial or conflict behavior; the presence of conflict situations; sleep disturbances or insomnia significantly decreased. Thus, the integrated test exam (STEP-1) significantly affects the level of stress among medical students. But 4th year students continued to have signs of stress, although less pronounced. This indicates the presence of various factors in the formation of stress, and not only the integrated test exam “STEP-1”.In order to preserve the mental health of medical students, it is necessary to develop ways to increase the level of stress resistance during study.

DEONTOLOGICAL MANAGEMENT OF A NURSE IN A GYNECOLOGICAL OFFICE

2025-09-10T15:25:06+03:00

The scientific work has carried out a comprehensive study of the deontological management of a nurse in a gynecological office, which is considered a key factor in ensuring high-quality, safe and humane medical care. The relevance of the topic is due to the growing attention to ethical standards in the field of health care, especially in the context of female reproductive medicine, where issues of confidentiality, delicacy and trust are of paramount importance.The theoretical part of the work analyzes ethical and professional-practical approaches to understanding the concepts of “deontology” and “nursing ethics”. Special attention is paid to the role of a nurse as a bearer of moral values and a guarantor of compliance with the rights of patients in the process of diagnosis, treatment and prevention. The main factors influencing ethical behavior are identified, in particular: the level of professional training, institutional support, personal qualities of the employee and the characteristics of the organizational environment.The empirical study used questionnaire and semi-structured interview methods with nurses from gynecological offices in public and private medical institutions. The data obtained allowed us to determine the level of awareness of respondents about deontological requirements, identify typical ethical dilemmas they face, and identify existing barriers to implementing ethical standards in daily practice. In particular, the study showed the need for continuous professional development and the creation of an internal system of ethical mentoring. As a result, a number of practical recommendations were formulated that can be implemented at the level of medical institutions. They include the development of ethical training programs, the implementation of ethical codes at the office or department level, regular monitoring of compliance with ethical norms, as well as strengthening team interaction based on respect, trust and mutual responsibility. The proposed measures have the potential to improve the quality of nursing services, strengthen the authority of nurses in the professional environment and increase the level of patient satisfaction with the care received.

MICROSCOPIC ORGANIZATION OF LIVER SINUSOID CAPILLARIES AT THE END OF 6 WEEKS OF EXPERIMENTAL EXPOSURE TO CANNABIDIOL OIL

2025-09-10T15:29:01+03:00

Cannabidiol (CBD) is a non-toxic compound of medical marijuana and has gained popularity for medical use in recent years. CBD is used in the treatment of a variety of serious diseases, including epilepsy, rheumatic, neurological, leukodystrophy diseases, pain management, etc. Despite the beneficial effects of CBD, there is evidence from research that CBD may cause potentially negative health effects. The risk of CBD-induced hepatotoxicity is of great importance. The goal is to determine the qualitative and quantitative morphological characteristics of the cellular composition of the wall of the liver sinusoidal capillaries at the end of the 6th week of experimental exposure to 10 % CBD oil. The study was conducted using 20 sexually mature white non-linear male rats weighing 180–230 g, aged 5–7 months at the beginning of the experiment in compliance with the requirements of the European Convention for the Protection of Vertebrate Animals used for Experimental and other Scientific Purposes (Strasbourg, 1986), Council of Europe Directive 2010/63/EU, and Law of Ukraine No. 3447-IV “On the Protection of Animals from Cruelty to Animals”. The main group consisted of 14 rats, which were orally dripped with 10 % CBD oil (dose 10 mg/kg/day) once a day for six weeks. The control group consisted of 6 sexually mature white male rats. Liver tissue was used as the material for the study. Histological, immunohistochemical (CD31, CD68) studies and quantitative analysis of cells of the wall of the sinusoidal capillaries of the liver were performed on an area of 0.01 mm2 of the histological preparation (100 μm × 100 μm). Statistical calculations were performed in the Microsoft Office Excel program. The significance of the difference between the indicators of the study and control groups was checked using the Mann-Whitney (U) test. The difference was considered statistically significant at a minimum significance level of p < 0.05. As a result of the histological and immunohistochemical study of the sinusoidal capillaries of the liver, it was found that their structural microscopic organization did not undergo pathological changes under the conditions of experimental exposure for 6 weeks to 10 % CBD oil as a dietary supplement to the standard diet at a dose of 10 mg/kg/day. When comparing the average indicators of the cells of the sinusoidal capillary wall – endothelial cells, Kupffer cells and perisinusoidal cells on the area of the histological preparation of 0.01 mm2 in different areas of the liver lobule of the experimental series and the control group, it was found that the trend of cell distribution was preserved.The average value of Kupffer cells significantly exceeded the corresponding value in the control group (p < 0.05), and the average value of endothelial cells in the sinusoids of the intermediate zone of the lobule and near the central vein was significantly lower than in the control group (p < 0.05), which indicates moderate dilatation of the sinusoids in these areas of the liver lobule. When comparing the average values of perisinusoidal cells of the experimental and control groups, the difference according to the Mann-Whitney p(U) criterion in all areas of the liver lobule is not significant (p > 0.05). In summary, a comprehensive study of liver sinusoidal capillaries after 6 weeks of experimental CBD exposure demonstrates the safety of using a 10 % CBD oil solution at a dose of 10 mg/kg/day.

THE STRATEGIC IMPORTANCE OF IN-HOUSE PRODUCT DEVELOPMENT IN MAXILLOFACIAL PRACTICE

2025-10-10T15:22:59+03:00

The article explores the strategic importance of in-house product development in private maxillofacial practice to integrate clinical innovation with business sustainability. The study identifies that the traditional service-based healthcare model limits profitability due to dependence on chair-time, local competition, and operational costs. Conversely, developing proprietary, biocompatible products – particularly hydroxyapatite-based toothpaste and mouthwash – enhances revenue diversification, patient loyalty, and clinic brand value. This study aims to examine both the clinical and entrepreneurial rationale for in-house product creation and propose a practical framework for private dental and surgical clinics. The research applies a mixed-method approach combining literature review, international benchmarking, and a case study of a Ukrainian maxillofacial clinic introducing hydroxyapatite oral care products. Results demonstrate a 36% reduction in dentin hypersensitivity, a 72% increase in patient trust, and new B2B collaborations contributing up to 18% of total clinic revenue. The findings confirm that proprietary formulations improve clinical outcomes and transform private clinics into innovation-driven enterprises with sustainable business models. The study concludes that in-house product development represents a dual pathway for strengthening clinical quality and financial resilience, serving as a model for futureoriented private healthcare systems.

HYBRID TECHNOLOGY FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF DEONTOLOGICAL COMPETENCE IN MEDICAL STUDENTS

2025-09-11T08:08:32+03:00

The article substantiates the relevance of developing deontological competence in future doctors under the challenging conditions caused by martial law in Ukraine. It emphasizes the need for innovative approaches to the professional training of medical students, particularly in the context of digitalization, internationalization, and the competency-based approach. The proposed Hybrid Technology for the Development of Deontological Competence (HTDDC) is implemented at the Department of Latin and Foreign Languages of Danylo Halytsky Lviv National Medical University through the integration of fundamentals of deontology into the syllabus of the course “English for Medical Purposes.” The HTDDC is suitable as an educational tool in blended, distance, or face-to-face learning formats. The technology incorporates traditional e-learning tools (such as electronic tests and social media platforms), video conferencing systems, and updated educational resources within a virtual university environment, including instructional video lectures, interactive texts, and videos accompanied by tasks aimed at evaluating comprehension. In addition, the HTDDC offers training exercises designed to develop communicative competence and professionalism, i.e., listening and reading skills, as well as professional oral communication.The research involved 407 first-year medical students in the specialty of Medicine. Theoretical and empirical research methods, including statistical analysis of survey data, confirmed the high effectiveness of the implemented technology: the average effectiveness score was 8.14 out of 10. The HTDDC components (video lectures, interactive texts, tasks for developing analytical reading and critical thinking, listening exercises, and digital storytelling) support the development of moral and ethical qualities, communicative competence, and professionalism. However, some respondents provided critical feedback, indicating a requirement to improve the HTDDC. The study highlights the prospects for further adaptation of the technology through the inclusion of interactive case studies and enhancement of educational content based on students’ expectations.

THE SYSTEM OF TRAINING NURSES FOR PROFESSIONAL ACTIVITY IN THE CONTEXT OF DIGITALIZATION OF MEDICAL EDUCATION

2025-09-11T08:12:52+03:00

It has been determined that the use of digital technologies in the training of highly qualified nursing staff is currently being formed around the didactics of a higher medical school. Adaptation and integration of traditional educational technologies with digital didactics will allow, according to modern scientists, to develop the communicative, manipulative and technological culture of future nurses, their research competence and improve the quality of implementation and delivery of educational programmes. The modern system of professional nursing education should include digital learning platforms, simulation modules, telemedicine services, distance and blended learning tools. It should comply with international standards, ensure the formation of key professional qualities: efficiency, technological literacy, flexibility of thinking and focus on patient needs. It is emphasised that in order to ensure the quality training of future nurses, it is necessary to modernise teaching methods, the content of educational programmes, increase the digital competence of teachers and create a modern information and educational infrastructure. Thus, digitalisation acts as a powerful impetus for innovative renewal of medical education, strengthening its applied, professional and practice-oriented focus.The key prospects for the development of digitalisation in professional medical education include: the introduction of online learning (e-learning), which allows to organise educational activities and online interaction between students and teachers; stimulating the formation of new organisational and educational structures in medical schools; changing methods and forms of education in the system of professional education based on information technology; development of new curricula in professional education that ensure the ability of future nurses to perform professional functions with additional Adaptation and integration of traditional educational technologies with digital didactics will allow, according to modern scientists, to develop the communicative, manipulative and technological culture of future nurses, their research competence and improve the quality of implementation and delivery of educational programmes. The modern system of professional nursing education should include digital learning platforms, simulation modules, telemedicine services, distance and blended learning tools. It should comply with international standards, ensure the development of key professional qualities: efficiency, technological literacy, flexibility of thinking and focus on the needs of patients.

CHALLENGES AND INNOVATIONS IN TEACHING GENERAL AND INORGANIC CHEMISTRY UNDER COVID-19 PANDEMIC AND WAR CONDITIONS (2021–2025) AT THE DEPARTMENT OF TOXICOLOGICAL AND INORGANIC CHEMISTRY

2025-09-11T08:15:08+03:00

This article analyzes the outcomes of teaching the course “General and Inorganic Chemistry” to students of the Faculty of Pharmacy from 2021 to 2025 at the Department of Toxicological and Inorganic Chemistry. Particular attention is given to the changes brought about by the COVID-19 pandemic and martial law in Ukraine. The authors examined trends in student performance, identified challenges in mastering the material, and determined the key factors affecting the quality of the educational process. The study shows that the transition to distance learning due to the pandemic significantly impacted students’ practical training, particularly by reducing their ability to effectively acquire essential laboratory skills, which are critical in studying chemistry. Additionally, martial law and associated stress factors led to decreased student motivation, psychological well-being, and readiness to learn. Despite these challenges, the department’s faculty adapted the educational process and successfully integrated modern innovative technologies such as virtual laboratories, interactive online tools, flipped classroom methods, and project-based learning. The authors also note that an additional complication was the need for instructors to adapt to new working conditions, which required extra effort, continuous professional development, and digital competence. The strategies implemented by the faculty helped to partially mitigate the decline in teaching quality, maintain student engagement, and even improve short-term academic outcomes. The authors emphasize the need for ongoing refinement of these methods, a balanced integration of traditional and digital learning formats, individualized student support, and targeted assistance for students with weaker academic backgrounds. The article provides practical recommendations for enhancing educational practices in times of prolonged crisis.

ACTUALIZATION OF THE FORMATION OF HEALTH-SAVING COMPETENCE IN THE STUDY OF THE DISCIPLINE “GENERAL HYGIENE” FOR FUTURE SPECIALISTS IN THERAPY AND REHABILITATION

2025-09-11T08:25:49+03:00

The relevance of the problem highlighted in this article is caused by the need of society for highly qualified specialists in therapy and rehabilitation who have good health and a clear position on its protection.The purpose of the research is to theoretically comprehend health competence as a component of the professional activity of a future specialist in therapy and rehabilitation with an interpretation of its components. In considering competence, the research defines it as a set of knowledge, skills, abilities and personal qualities. This complex is aimed at effectively solving problems in specific areas of activity, but its concept goes beyond technical and professional aspects to include social and personal components. Competence is demonstrated in the ability of a therapy and rehabilitation professional to achieve goals and solve problems within the scope of their professional activities. Particular attention is paid to the understanding of health competence as a more broad concept that takes into account a deep understanding of the subject area and the ability to interact effectively with the environment.The article actualizes the problem of forming health-saving competence in the system of training future specialists in therapy and rehabilitation, focusing on the definition of the concept of “health-saving competence”. The factors that can have negative consequences, leading to a series of occupational diseases, are analyzed. The analysis is aimed at forming a strong position of higher education students to prevent the development of diseases that can lead t disability. The article reviews scientific sources, conducts a thorough analysis of publications and dissertation research to determine the purpose, subject, and methods of forming the health-saving competence of future specialists in therapy and rehabilitation.Therefore, the purpose of the article is to study the ways of forming health-saving competence in the system of training future specialists in therapy and rehabilitation in higher education, as well as to create the basis for leading a healthy lifestyle.

INTERNATIONAL INTERNSHIP AS A MEANS OF PROFESSIONAL DEVELOPMENT FOR TEACHERS: INTERNSHIP DIARY

2025-09-11T08:30:47+03:00

The article is dedicated to the analysis of international academic and research internship conducted at a technical educational institution for a chemistry instructor working within the system of training medical professionals. It highlights the main regulatory documents and laws governing such internships. Arguments are formulated to demonstrate the maximum effectiveness of this process, which is achieved through in-person internships at leading European universities based on an individually tailored plan, fostering the development of competencies inherent to the European educational model.The author’s interpretation of the concept of «international academic and research internship» is presented as a method for enhancing the professional level of pedagogical and academic staff, taking place in a foreign academic environment and involving a combination of educational processes, practical experience, and research activities.Distinctive features of this approach are identified, including its alignment with the individual needs of the intern, a focus on developing professional competencies, the adoption of innovative teaching and research methods, as well as the promotion of intercultural interaction and alignment with global educational standards through collaboration with international experts.The study reveals the specifics of implementing a modular approach to the internship, which ensures a structured framework for professional development. To align with the specifics of training medical professionals, the final module was designated for independent study. The focus of this module involved analyzing the medical potential of thermoelectric materials in medical practice, particularly their application in the diagnosis of oncological diseases, transportation of biological materials, and the development of personalized medicine systems, thereby deepening the understanding of innovative opportunities in the field.Based on the obtained results, recommendations were developed for integrating thermoelectric technologies into chemistry curricula for the training of future medical professionals, which will contribute to the preparation of highly qualified specialists. At the same time, the insufficient exploration of individual internships abroad was identified, indicating the need for further research to adapt programs to professional differences. Thus, international internships are a promising tool for professional development, requiring broader implementation within the Ukrainian higher education system.

IMPLEMENTATION OF THE «FLIPPED CLASSROOM» TECHNOLOGY IN TEACHING PHYSIOLOGY TO MEDICAL STUDENTS

2025-09-11T08:33:06+03:00

The “flipped classroom” technology is a modern approach to organizing the educational process, which involves shifting the main portion of theoretical learning to studentsʼ out-of-class time, while in-class sessions are focused on active knowledge acquisition and practical activities. This method transforms the traditional approach to learning and fosters the development of essential competencies such as critical thinking, the ability to analyze information, and solve practical tasks. The article explores the implementation of this approach in medical education, specifically in the teaching of physiology at the Department of Physiology of the Bogomolets National Medical University.A key aspect of the technology is studentsʼ independent preparation, which includes studying theoretical material, completing tests, and solving situational tasks before the lessons. This approach enables instructors to use class time for active engagement with students: discussing complex topics, solving practical problems, and developing clinical thinking. It enhances the effectiveness of the learning process and allows students not only to understand the material but also to apply the acquired knowledge in practice. An important component of this method is the use of digital tools, which aid in the visualization and deeper understanding of educational content. Digital technologies allow students to study at a convenient time, providing feedback and opportunities for error correction.For successful implementation of the flipped classroom model, it is also necessary to ensure appropriate teacher training.Educators must possess skills in working with digital platforms, creating adapted learning materials, and organizing active learning. The implementation of this approach significantly improves studentsʼ academic performance and promotes the development of their professional competencies, which are essential for future clinical practice.

COMMUNICATIVE APPROACH TO FOREIGN LANGUAGE TEACHING OF FUTURE MEDICAL WORKERS IN HIGHER EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS

2025-09-11T08:37:50+03:00

The article considers the communicative approach to leaning a foreign language for future medical professionals.The essence of the communicative method is the organization of effective language activity in foreign language classes and implies the need to build the educational process as a model of communication. The object of study is communicative activity, which is implemented in four types of speech activity: speaking, writing, listening and reading.The main tasks of the communicative method of studying foreign languages have been identified: forming students’ interest in studying foreign languages, developing languages skills while studying a foreign language, updating a basic knowledge, forming a culture of communication and manifestation of moral qualities, and using language in future professional activities.The main aspects of using communicative approach in teaching foreign languages are highlighted, key characteristics, the foundations of communicative learning and the features of formation of professional communicative competence are highlighted. It has been determined that the communicative approach is a new direction in foreign language communication, which allows future medical workers to model real life professional situations and use language as a means of social interaction in their future professional activities.The forms and methods of students’ work in the educational process that influence the formation of communicative competence are described. These are interactive methods, business games, disputes, discussions and methods of organizing educational activities. The main factors that contribute to the formation of communicative competencies of future medical professionals in the learning process and its results are professional interest, a high degree of dynamism, richness of content and maximum potential for linguistic and emotional motivation of future specialists.The main components of foreign language communicative competence are outlined: grammatical, social, linguistic, discursive and strategic. It has been proven that learning based on a communicative approach is focused on learning a foreign language through communication, which, in turn, involves the formation of foreign language speech skills and abilities through the implementation of foreign language speech activities and the acquisition of primary communicative skills.

IMPACT OF OCCUPATIONAL THERAPY INTERVENTIONS ON ACTIVITIES OF DAILY LIVING IN MIDDLE CHILDHOOD

2025-09-10T16:23:44+03:00

The goal of the research is to assess the effectiveness of occupational therapy in improving self-care skills and quality of life in children of middle childhood with the hemiparetic form of cerebral palsy.The study included 40 children aged 9–12 years, comprising 18 boys and 22 girls. The participants were assigned to two groups. The control group (CG) followed a nine-week standard rehabilitation program, receiving services from an occupational therapist, physical therapist, speech therapist, and psychologist. The experimental group (EG) underwent constraint-induced movement therapy (CIMT) as part of their occupational therapy sessions.The effectiveness of the developed intervention algorithm was evaluated by analyzing changes in pROM, the self- care domain of the WeeFIM scale, and PedsQL scores reported by both parents and children. Occupational therapists performed assessments prior to the intervention and after three weeks of therapy.Results. The mean age of the children was 10.7 ± 0.98 years, with no statistically significant age differences between the groups. Additionally, the initial assessment results revealed no significant differences between the groups.The mean ± SD self-care domain scores of the WeeFIM scale were 48.6 ± 0.52 in CG and 44.4 ± 1.25 in EG.The mean ± SD total PedsQL scores reported by parents were 73.5 ± 0.76 in CG and 71.2 ± 1.25 in EG, while the PedsQL scores reported by children were 75.9 ± 1.26 in CG and 72.4 ± 1.35 in EG. A comparison between the groups revealed statistically significant differences.Following the follow-up assessment, statistically significant differences were confirmed between the groups (p < 0.05).The mean ± SD WeeFIM scale scores were 51.7 ± 0.85 in CG and 50.6 ± 1.24 in EG. The PedsQL scores reported by parents were 79.7 ± 1.94 in CG and 83.6 ± 1.57 in EG, while the PedsQL scores reported by children were 79.8 ± 2.37 in CG and 83.0 ± 1.98 in EG.Conclusions. A comparison of the follow-up assessment results between the experimental group (EG) and the control group (CG) demonstrated a statistically significant improvement in both groups. Statistical analysis of the initial and follow-up assessments indicated that children in the EG, who received CIMT for 3 weeks, exhibited greater improvements in upper extremity (UE) functionality, daily living skills, and quality of life compared to the CG, which received occupational therapy interventions without constraint of the unaffected UE, focusing primarily on enhancing self-care skills.These findings confirm the effectiveness of CIMT in promoting greater independence and functional recovery in children with hemiparetic cerebral palsy.

PREVALENCE OF EYE DISEASES IN CHILDREN IN UKRAINE IN THE CONDITIONS OF WAR

2025-09-10T16:27:11+03:00

In recent years, Ukraine has seen an increase in the incidence of ophthalmic diseases among children, especially in the context of the ongoing armed conflict. Deterioration of the environmental situation, high levels of psycho-emotional stress, limited access to specialized medical care, and disruption of preventive measures have been the main factors that have led to the negative dynamics of the disease. The analysis of comparative statistics shows an increase in the prevalence of certain ophthalmopathologies in children in two time periods: 2015 –2020 and 2020 – 2025. The purpose of the study is to assess the dynamics of the prevalence of major ophthalmic pathologies among children in Ukraine before and during the war, to analyze changes in the structure of morbidity and to identify factors that could have influenced these changes. Results of the study. In 2020–2025, the overall incidence of conjunctivitis increased from 20.35 ± 0.04 ‰ to 22.48 ± 0.05 ‰. At the same time, the level of primary diagnosis remained almost unchanged (44.15 ± 0.03 % → 44.21 ± 0.03 %), which may indicate that the system of screening examinations is maintained despite the difficult situation, but indicates an increase in vulnerability to infectious agents due to deteriorating hygiene and social conditions. Myopia, which remains the leading vision pathology in childhood, showed the largest increase.Its prevalence increased from 26.74 ± 0.03 % to 30.06 ± 0.03 %, and the rate of new cases increased from 13.41 ± 0.02 % to 14.92 ± 0.02 %. The main factors are intense visual load due to online learning, reduced physical activity and psychological stress. Diseases requiring more complex diagnostics, such as cataracts, glaucoma, and optic nerve atrophy, showed a conditional decrease in rates. Thus, the frequency of cataracts decreased from 0.33 ± 0.01 ‰ to 0.25 ± 0.01 ‰, optic nerve atrophy – from 7.11 ± 0.08 to 6.48 ± 0.10 per 10 thousand children, glaucoma – remained stable (about 0.04 ± 0.01 ‰). Probably, these changes do not reflect the real epidemiological picture, but rather are a consequence of the reduced availability of specialized ophthalmic diagnostics in the war.Strabismus showed a slight decrease in prevalence – from 8.23 ±0.02 ‰ to 7.45 ± 0.01 ‰, while the number of newly detected cases remained almost constant (2.19 ± 0.01 % → 2.21 ± 0.01 %).This may be a result of limited screening in younger childhood or a decrease in medical and social attention to non- life-threatening diseases. Conclusions. The military conflict in Ukraine has had a significant impact on the ophthalmic health of children, causing an increase in the frequency of the most common diseases, such as myopia and conjunctivitis.All of this emphasizes the need to develop adaptive programs for early detection and prevention of visual impairment in childhood, particularly in crisis regions. Such measures should include mobile eye care teams, digital tools for primary screening, and strengthening inter-sectoral cooperation in the health and education systems.

FEATURES OF MORPHOLOGICAL PROFILE OF YOUNG CHEERLEADERS AS A PREREQUISITE FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF A PHYSICAL THERAPY PROGRAM

2025-09-10T16:30:26+03:00

In recent years, it has been proven that knowledge of the biomechanical patterns of the spatial organization of body links allows to successfully manage the interactions of the organism with the environment in order to preserve health and develop human physical qualities. It is important that today representatives of the scientific community are unanimous in stating the risks of the spread of disorders of the spatial organization of the body among young athletes.The purpose of the study was to determine the features of the morphological profile of young cheerleaders.Research methods: theoretical analysis of special literature; medical and biological research methods (anthropometry and anthropometric indices, photography), methods of mathematical statistics.The data obtained allow us to emphasize that all girl cheerleaders had a medium or high level of physical development, without cases indicating hypotrophy or growth retardation. Such data indicate a certain morphotypic tendency towards asthenia, but are not able to prove its presence, because no athlete showed direct signs of asthenia. Most of them were either taller than their peers of average height according to WHO standards, while according to the norms of the Ministry of Health of Ukraine they were of average height. It was established that according to the Vervek index, an asthenic morphotype was not recorded in any of the subjects.However, the moderate excess of the Vervek index among girls with stooped and scoliotic posture at the age of 7 year old deserves further study.The results obtained by the trochanteric index indicate the absence of morphological signs of asthenia. A moderate excess of the normative values may be associated with the peculiarities of physical development or the typology of the physique characteristic of children involved in sports. These data are consistent with the results of the Vervek index assessment and confirm that there were no clearly expressed signs of an asthenic morphotype according to the criterion of proportionality of the trunk and lower limbs among the studied cheerleader girls.During the study, more than half of the 7-year-old girls (69.2 %) were found to have various types of posture disorders.In the group of 8-year-old athletes, the vast majority (84.6 %) also had disorders of the spatial organization of the body.The features of the morphological profile of young cheerleaders were determined.

REHABILITATION MANAGEMENT OF CHRONIC NONSPECIFIC LOW BACK PAIN: A MODERN PERSPECTIVE

2025-09-11T07:13:23+03:00

Non-specific lower back pain accounts for 80–90 % of all cases of lower back pain and is one of the leading causes of disability worldwide. Nonspecific low back pain is diagnosed by ruling out specific causes through a detailed medical history, physical examination, and does not require imaging. The clinical course of nonspecific lower back pain is often favorable, so many patients require minimal medical care or none at all. Management of chronic lower back pain focuses on reducing pain intensity, improving function, and enhancing quality of life. Clinical guidelines recommend a multidisciplinary approach, rehabilitation, psychological interventions, and educational programs based on evidence- based medicine for chronic pain. The multidisciplinary approach is based on the principles of the biopsychosocial model, involving specialists from different fields, depending on the clinical and functional status of patients. Preference is given to active rehabilitation interventions, which, in combination with psychological interventions, have a number of advantages for patient recovery. Among physical exercises, the most effective are exercises to strengthen the muscles that stabilize the spine, breathing exercises, and aerobic exercises. Pilates, yoga, tai chi, and McKenzie therapy lead to pain reduction and improved functional abilities in patients with chronic low back pain. Massage, manual techniques, acupuncture, ultrasound therapy, and TENS can be included in the rehabilitation program as adjunctive therapies. A multidisciplinary rehabilitation program should be adapted to the state medical care system and outpatient rehabilitation for the general promotion of strategies to combat chronic low back pain among Ukrainians.

CORRECTION OF PHYSICAL AND ANTHROPOMETRIC MARKERS OF GERIATRIC SYNDROMES IN ELDERLY PATIENTS WITH CONSEQUENCES OF TOTAL HIP ARTHROPLASTY AND OBESITY BY MEANS OF PHYSICAL THERAPY

2025-09-11T07:55:03+03:00

Purpose – to evaluate the effectiveness of the developed physical therapy program for elderly patients with consequences of total hip arthroplasty and obesity in the long term after endoprosthetics according to the dynamics of physical and anthropometric markers of geriatric syndromes.Material. 99 elderly people were examined. The control group consisted of 34 people who had no history of total lower limb arthroplasty, with normal body weight. The comparison group consisted of 33 people with total hip arthroplasty and normal body weight. The main group consisted of 32 obese patients with arthroplasty. A three-month physical therapy program was developed and implemented for them, using therapeutic exercises on the Redcord NEURAC suspension system to improve strength, flexibility, gait training, balance exercises on BOSU platforms, massage of the operated lower limb, Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation, and an educational component (diet modification). The effectiveness was assessed by the results of height, weight, body mass index, shoulder, waist, and hip circumferences, 6-minute walk test, hand dynamometry, and Tinetti-test.Results. The studied physical and anthropometric markers of geriatric syndromes in elderly patients with hip arthroplasty and obesity in the remote period of arthroplasty (more than 1 year) were worse (p < 0.05) compared to a similar contingent of patients after total arthroplasty, but with normal body weight. The approved comprehensive physical therapy program revealed an improvement in the condition of patients due to the impact on physical and anthropometric markers of geriatric syndromes due to a decrease in body mass index, a decrease in the severity of abdominal obesity (by the ratio of waist and hip circumferences), a decrease in muscle weakness (increased hand strength, increased distance when performing a six-minute walk against the background of reduced fatigue), improved balance when performing various activities and a decrease in the risk of falling (by Tinetti-test) significantly compared to baseline indicators for all studied parameters (p < 0.05).Conclusions. Physical therapy is advisable to prescribe for the comprehensive correction of physical and anthropometric markers of geriatric syndromes in elderly patients with hip joint replacement and obesity.

THE INFLUENCE OF PHYSICAL THERAPY ON THE FUNCTIONAL STATE OF PELVIC FLOOR TISSUES IN WOMEN WITH DYSFUNCTION AFTER VARIOUS METHODS OF VAGINAL DELIVERY

2025-09-11T07:59:32+03:00

Purpose: to assess the effectiveness of the developed comprehensive physical therapy program for women after vaginal and abdominal delivery according to the dynamics of clinical indicators characterizing limitations in vital activity due to pelvic floor dysfunction. 175 women participated in the study. The control group consisted of 32 women who had no history of pregnancy and were not characterized by diagnosed pelvic floor dysfunction. The group with signs of pelvic floor dysfunction consisted of 143 women who were divided into two groups (comparison – gave birth vaginally and main – gave birth abdominally) with two subgroups in each. Subgroup 1 was restored according to the recommendations of clinical protocols, subgroup 2 – according to the developed physical therapy program lasting 3 months with the use of therapeutic exercises (for the lower extremities, pelvic girdle, torso, with a wireless Kegel trainer), preformed physical factors (pelvic floor muscle myostimulator), educational component. Determination of signs of pelvic floor muscle dysfunction (tonus mm. levator ani (palpation), strength (perineometry), specific signs of weakness and their severity (according to PFDI-20), impact on daily activity, social and emotional sphere (according to PFIQ-7), changes in sexual function (according to FSFI-19)) was carried out 8 weeks and 5 months after childbirth.In the postpartum period, pelvic floor dysfunction in women was manifested in the form of a decrease in muscle tone (according to the results of palpation), strength (according to perineometry), the presence of a number of pathological signs of their weakness (diagnosed by PFDI-20), a negative impact on daily activity, social and emotional spheres (determined by PFIQ-7), and a deterioration in sexual satisfaction (according to FSFI-19). Signs of pelvic floor dysfunction were more pronounced in women who had undergone vaginal birth, which is associated with sexual trauma to the perineal tissues. The use of a physical therapy program for three months improved the results of the tone of the levator ani muscle, perineal muscle strength by perineometry, PFDI-20, PFIQ-7, FSFI-19 in comparison with the initial parameters and the corresponding indicators of women who recovered independently. According to the baseline, the best condition of the pelvic floor according to the studied indicators was in women after cesarean section.Physical therapy is advisable to reduce the intensity of signs of pelvic floor dysfunction and prevent pelvic organ prolapse, which threatens with psychoemotional disorders, loss of work capacity, and a decrease in the quality of life, that is, for faster postpartum recovery of women and their return to full-fledged life activities.

SOFTWARE-BASED VERIFICATION OF THE EAN-13 BARCODE CHECK DIGIT IN THE ASSORTMENT OF PHARMACEUTICAL PRODUCTS

2025-09-10T15:32:28+03:00

EAN-13 is a widely recognized linear barcode standard used for the identification and labeling of products, including items from the assortment of pharmaceutical products. Verifying the correctness of the barcode’s check digit is essential to ensure the accuracy of automated inventory management and stock control. At the same time, products from the assortment of pharmaceutical products that are not subject to mandatory state verification (such as dietary supplements, medical devices) remain vulnerable to labeling and data entry errors.The aim of our work was to develop a program for verifying the check digit of the EAN-13 barcode as a tool for basic incoming inspection of the labeling accuracy of products that are not subject to mandatory verification but are widely represented on the pharmaceutical market. The article presents the development of a program for verifying the check digit of the EAN-13 barcode, implemented as a web application based on HTML and JavaScript. The program allows users to enter a 13-digit code, calculate the expected check digit according to the official algorithm, and promptly inform the user of the barcode’s correctness.The developed program requires no installation, is easy to use, and can be adapted for use in pharmacies, warehouses, or educational institutions. It is also advisable to use the program during practical classes in institutions with pharmaceutical and medical orientation and in educational simulation centers where future professionals are trained.

DEVELOPMENT OF RECOMMENDATIONS FOR PHARMACISTS IN ACCORDANCE WITH GOOD PHARMACY PRACTICE FOR THE PREVENTION OF DIABETES MEASURE

2025-09-10T15:49:20+03:00

The article is devoted to the development of recommendations for the implementation of elements of the Good Pharmacy Practice (GPP) in pharmacies for the strategy implementation for the prevention of diabetes. Lifestyle changes, urbanization and changes in nutrition have contributed to the increase of patient’s number with diabetes, the main percentage of which have type 2 diabetes. Prevention is a powerful tool for reducing the risk of developing type 2 diabetes. In Ukraine the implementation and development of integrated strategies for the prevention of non- communicable diseases are unbalanced and insufficient, as evidenced by the tendency to increase the population with diabetes. Pharmacies are an integral part of the healthcare system, and involving pharmacists in the prevention of diabetes is productive, cost-effective for the healthcare system and can play a key role in reaching the population, especially in martial law. This accords the quality standards of pharmacy services “Good Pharmacy Practice”, up to which one of the practical areas of implementation is the educational activities of pharmacies and the identification of undiagnosed cases of the disease. To develop algorithms for the educational work of pharmacies, based on information search, elements of GPP for the prevention of diabetes were identified and a list of pharmacist interventions in the implementation of the strategy for the prevention of diabetes was formed, taking into account the national characteristics of the healthcare system with the definition of expected results. Content for the educational work of pharmacies about the prevention of diabetes in accordance with GPP was developed. Taking into account national priorities, an аlgorithm of pharmacist actions in implementing diabetes screening has been developed to identify individuals at risk among pharmacy visitors and provide them with appropriate recommendations. Recommended approaches for the prevention of diabetes have been formulated. The developed recommendations have a practical direction for implementation in practical pharmacy.

SOCIAL AND PHARMACEUTICAL ASPECTS OF THE USE OF DRUGS IN SPORTS. MESSAGE 1. ANALYSIS OF WADA REQUIREMENTS AND THE LIST OF PROHIBITED SUBSTANCES

2025-09-10T15:53:17+03:00

The use of various performance-enhancing substances (doping) has a major impact on athletes’ health. Issues of integrity and ethical standards in sport arise when considering the use of certain groups of substances, including medicines. The aim of our study was to study the socio-pharmaceutical aspects of the use of medicines in sports.The research materials were World Anti-Doping Agency (WADA) requirements, official international and domestic regulatory documents on anti-doping activities in sports and the official website of the National Anti-Doping Center (NADC), WADA lists of prohibited substances in 2020 and 2024, and scientific publications on the topic. The methods of a systematic approach, analysis, synthesis, comparison, and generalization were used.Ukraine fully implements current international requirements for integrity in sports, including the WADA list of prohibited substances. The organization responsible for implementing anti-doping policy in sports in Ukraine is the NADC. The impact on the human body, including side effects of substances prohibited in sports, was analyzed.An analysis of the WADA prohibited list for 2020 and 2024 showed that as of 2024, group S1 includes 74 substances (9 of which were added after 2020), S2 – 60 (7 added), S3 – 15 (2 added), S4 – 38 (2 added), S5 – 27 (3 added), S6 – 80 (6), S7 – 13 (1 added), S8 – no changes, S9 – 16 (5 added), P1 – 20 (1 added). The most significant relative quantitative changes in 2024 compared to 2020 were in group S9 – 45.5 %, also quite significant (from 12.5 % to 15.4 %) – in groups S5, S2, S1 and S3. The study of restrictions on the use of substances in sports made it possible to identify prohibited substances, summarize information about their effects and side effects on the human body, as well as the dynamics of changes in their quantity (by groups) for 2020–2024.

COMPARATIVE STUDY OF THE CONTENT OF THE MAIN GROUPS OF BIOLOGICALLY ACTIVE SUBSTANCES IN PHYTOCOMPLEXES FOR NORMALIZATION OF THE FUNCTIONAL STATE OF FEMALE REPRODUCTIVE ORGANS

2025-09-10T15:56:55+03:00

The aim of the work. A comparative study of the quantitative content of key biologically active compounds in phytocomplexes aimed at normalizing the functional state of female reproductive organs from various manufacturers available in the domestic pharmaceutical market.The study was conducted on a group of phytocomplexes derived from Symplocosum and Asparagus, sourced from different manufacturers: Normocycle (Organosin Ltd), Femicycle (Ananta Medicare Ltd), and Tazalok (Pro- Pharma). The quantitative determination of the main groups of biologically active substances was performed using UV spectrophotometry. This included measuring the amount of phenolic compounds (expressed as gallic acid), flavonoids (expressed as rutin), and hydroxycinnamic acids (expressed as chlorogenic acid).In terms of phenolic compounds, the levels in Normocycle and Tazalok were similar, although Normocycle showed a slightly higher content. The difference between Normocycle and Femicycle was more pronounced. Tazalok had the highest concentration of flavonoids, being nearly 1.7 times greater than that found in both Normocycle and Femicycle. Additionally, Normocycle contained 20 % more hydroxycinnamic acids than Tazalok, and more than 1.7 times the amount found in Femicycle. Overall, in terms of the quantitative content of the total active compounds responsible for the pharmacological effects, Normocycle and Tazalok outperformed Femicycle in a single dose of the phytocomplex. The analysis of the quantitative content of bioactive substances responsible for pharmacological effects in a single dose of the studied herbal medicines revealed that Normocycle contains the highest levels of phenolic compounds and hydroxycinnamic acids. However, it has a lower total content of flavonoids compared to Tazalok. Both Normocycle and Tazalok significantly surpass Femicycle in terms of the quantity of active components present in one dose of these phytocomplexes.

REVIEW OF HOMEOPATHIC EDUCATION IN UKRAINE AND SOME COUNTRIES OF THE WORLD

2025-09-10T16:02:23+03:00

Homeopathy, a form of alternative medicine has become very popular in various countries around the world, including Ukraine, due to its principle of “like cures like”. In recent years, the demand for homeopathic treatment and homeopathic doctors has increased, leading to an increase in interest in homeopathic education worldwide.The aim of the work is to investigate the state and development of homeopathic education in different countries of the world, in particular in Ukraine, as well as to identify differences in approaches to homeopathic education and regulation of the practice of homeopathy in countries with a developed system of homeopathic education.Materials and methods. The research materials were information from modern sources of scientific professional literature on homeopathy and its education. The main attention was paid to materials that highlight the development of homeopathic education in the countries of Asia, Europe, the USA, Canada and Ukraine. A comparative analysis of the status of homeopathic education in different countries was carried out, in particular in the aspects of regulation, accessibility of training and recognition of homeopathy in the medical community. An information search was conducted, and the analysis of information scientific data was carried out using the methods of systematization and generalization.Research results. The status of homeopathic education varies across the world: in India, Germany and the USA, homeopathy is a well-developed field, with numerous educational institutions offering comprehensive training in homeopathic medicine. These countries often have government-recognized homeopathic colleges and regulatory bodies that oversee the practice of homeopathy. In Ukraine, the recognition and popularity of homeopathic education is gradually increasing. Various educational institutions and programs offer courses in homeopathy, helping future specialists acquire the knowledge and skills to successfully apply this form of alternative medicine.Conclusions. Homeopathic education is diverse and constantly evolving, with different countries taking different approaches to the training and regulation of homeopathic practitioners. With the growing interest in alternative medicine around the world, the future of homeopathic education remains an exciting and dynamic direction.

THE ROLE OF STAKEHOLDERS IN THE INFORMAL EDUCATION OF FUTURE PHARMACISTS

2025-09-10T16:07:48+03:00

The article is devoted to analyzing the role of stakeholders in the development of informal education for higher education students majoring in specialty 226 “Pharmacy, Industrial Pharmacy”. The relevance of the topic is examined in the context of modern accreditation requirements and the need to expand educational opportunities beyond formal learning. The article emphasizes that informal education plays a key role in shaping professional competencies, developing soft skills, and adapting future specialists to the realities of the pharmaceutical labor market. The research employs methods of analysis and synthesis of scientific sources, content analysis of educational practices and legal acts, as well as a systematization of data on forms of stakeholder interaction with higher education institutions. This approach enables a comprehensive assessment of the effectiveness of informal education in the professional training of pharmacists.The study explores the involvement of pharmaceutical companies, pharmacy chains, government authorities, professional associations, non-governmental organizations, and international partners in supporting educational initiatives aimed at fostering practical skills, professional flexibility, soft skills, and the integration of students into the modern professional environment. The main forms of collaboration are identified, including internships, training programs, conferences, dual education programs, the creation of digital platforms, and specialized educational spaces.Special attention is given to the analysis of projects implemented in partnership with pharmaceutical companies, which contribute to the development of practical skills, critical thinking, and entrepreneurial initiative among students.Based on a content analysis of practices and initiatives, a classification of the main approaches to such interaction is proposed: partnership-based, integrative, practice-oriented, innovation-driven, and socially responsible. The holistic approach is highlighted separately as a modern concept for the comprehensive development of future professionals in the pharmaceutical field. The study concludes by emphasizing the need to expand partnership-based cooperation models between stakeholders and universities as a means of ensuring educational quality, aligning with labor market demands, and enhancing the competitiveness of future pharmacists.

INFORMATION SUPPORT FOR PHARMACY PROFESSIONALS ON POST-COVID SYNDROME

2025-09-10T16:11:35+03:00

Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is an acute respiratory viral disease characterized by damage to many organs, and as a result, a large number of symptoms in patients. After the acute phase of the disease, 10 % of patients may have one or more symptoms for a long period of time, which significantly worsens their physical and emotional condition.This chronic systemic painful condition is called post-covid syndrome.Patients with signs of post-covid syndrome do not always associate pathological changes in their body with COVID-19 and may seek pharmaceutical help from a pharmaceutical worker, associating their condition with other diseases with similar symptoms. Therefore, to provide full-fledged professional pharmaceutical care, the pharmacist must clearly know the symptoms, methods of diagnosis, treatment and rehabilitation of patients with signs of post-covid syndrome.A pharmacy as a healthcare institution, especially in martial law, can perform the functions of forming in patients who have had COVID-19 and have signs of post-covid syndrome, an algorithm for recovery after the acute stage of the disease.And therefore, it is very important for pharmacy specialists who provide pharmaceutical care to patients with symptoms of post-covid syndrome to be informed about medicines according to evidence-based medicine data on their effectiveness and safety.In order to improve the knowledge of pharmacy specialists about post-covid syndrome to provide quality pharmaceutical care to patients with post-covid syndrome, we have summarized the literature data on pathological changes in the human body after SARS-CoV-2 infection, methods of restorative pharmacotherapy and rehabilitation measures.Post-Covid syndrome manifests itself in patients with a variety of symptoms and conditions, including multisystem inflammatory syndrome, shortness of breath and chest pain, cough, postural orthostatic tachycardia, fatigue with or without physical exertion, muscle weakness, myalgia, cognitive impairment, etc.Symptoms of post-Covid syndrome are divided into constant and periodic. The patient may experience one or more symptoms at the same time.Patients who have been hospitalized in infectious departments of medical institutions for the treatment of the acute phase of COVID-19 disease are more likely to have a prolonged course of the disease and severe post-Covid syndrome in the form of various pathological manifestations, indicating damage to many systems and organs.At the current stage, a pharmacy specialist needs to be well-versed and oriented not only in the main symptoms and treatment of the acute phase of COVID-19, but also to have knowledge about the negative consequences of this disease for the patient’s body in the form of post-Covid syndrome, diagnostic methods, pharmacotherapy, and types of rehabilitation measures.Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) and post-COVID conditions are a severe multisystem viral disease with severe long-term consequences for the patient’s body, which the patient does not always associate with the disease suffered, and therefore pharmacy specialists, as the most accessible medical professionals to the population, must have knowledge about the main symptoms, diagnosis and treatment of COVID-19 and post-COVID syndrome to provide full and high- quality pharmaceutical care to patients with signs of this disease.

MARKETING ANALYSIS OF MEDICINAL PRODUCTS FOR THE TREATMENT OF SLEEP DISORDERS IN MILITARY PERSONNEL WITH MILD TRAUMATIC BRAIN INJURY CAUSED BY BLAST EXPOSURE

2025-09-10T16:15:33+03:00

Sleep disorders are a prevalent consequence of mild traumatic brain injury (TBI) in military personnel caused by blast exposure, significantly impairing quality of life and functional capacity. Treatment requires a multifaceted approach, including cognitive-behavioral therapy, normalization of sleep hygiene, and pharmacotherapy. Market analysis of medicinal products enables optimization of therapeutic strategies for effective sleep disorder management and identification of directions for further development of domestic drug production.The aim of the study was to conduct a marketing analysis of medicinal products registered in the Ukrainian pharmaceutical market used for the treatment of sleep disorders in military personnel who suffered mild traumatic brain injury following blast exposure.A comprehensive methodology was applied, including the analysis of clinical and methodological guidelines, data from the State Register of Medicinal Products of Ukraine as of April 2025, and information from aggregator resources such as “Drug Reference Guide Compendium” and Tabletki.ua. Informational, comparative, analytical, and marketing analysis methods were applied, with subsequent generalization and systematization of the obtained data.The analysis of clinical-methodological guidelines revealed discrepancies in the nomenclature of recommended medicinal products between international and national protocols, attributed to the absence of state registration in Ukraine for certain medications (e.g., prazosin, zolpidem, ramelteon, suvorexant). As of April 2025, the Ukrainian pharmaceutical market includes 34 trade names of medicinal products for treating sleep disorders in military personnel with mild TBI, comprising 11 psycholeptic drugs (predominantly subgroup N05CF, with zopiclone accounting for 20.59 %) and 23 psychoanaleptic drugs (dominated by subgroup N06AX, with mirtazapine constituting 23.52 %).A significant portion (64.7 %) of the analysed drugs are imported, with Poland leading in psycholeptics and Slovenia in psychoanaleptics. Domestic products account for 35.3 % of the total assortment. Psycholeptic drugs are available only in oral dosage forms, while psychoanaleptics offer a wider range, including various tablet forms, capsules, and injectable solutions.The Ukrainian pharmaceutical market of has a limited range of medicines for the treatment of sleep disorders and shows substantial dependence on imported products, especially in the psychoanaleptic segment. The limited dosage form diversity among domestic products may hinder individualized therapy. To enhance pharmacotherapeutic provision for this patient group, should focus on fostering domestic production to expand the range of available medicinal products and diversify the forms of domestic psycholeptics.