VAGINA BIOCENOSIS IN WOMEN OF REPRODUCTIVE AGE WITH METABOLIC SYNDROME
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.32782/health-2024.1.8Keywords:
microflora of the vagina, lactobacilli, women of reproductive age, bacteriological researchAbstract
Our study aimed to analyze the state of vaginal microflora in women of reproductive age with metabolic syndrome. After all, according to modern scientific sources, metabolic syndrome (MS) can also be an additional factor that contributes to the violation of the vaginal microbiome. 58 women participated in the experiment. By the method of bacteriological diagnostics (5% blood agar was used as the most universal nutrient medium), pure cultures of microorganisms found in vaginal secretions were determined. The patients were divided into 2 groups: 1st – control group, healthy individuals without signs of metabolic syndrome (29 women), 2nd – experimental group with clinical signs of metabolic syndrome (29 women). The conducted studies revealed the presence of disturbed microflora in 89.4% of women with MS, and in the control group – in 9.2%. Most often, lactobacilli were sown under cultivation conditions, which were detected 2 times less often in women with MS compared to women in the control group (p<0.05). Microorganisms of the genus Staphylococcus were found significantly more often in MS patients than in the control group: 48.3% (p<0.001) and 10.3%, respectively. In women with MS, ureaplasma was detected 6 times more often than in the control group (55.2% and 10.3%; p<0.001) and chlamydia 5 times more often (17.2% and 3.4%; p<0.001). Enterococcus facealis was found significantly more often in MS patients (41.4%; p<0.001) than in the control group (13.8%). The frequency of detection of corynebacteria in patients with MS was also significantly higher (24.1%; p<0.001) than in the control group (10.3%). In women with MS, fungi of the genus Candida were sown 3 times more often than in healthy women. We have proven that MS and its components in women of reproductive age affect the development of infertility, neonatal pathology, and infections of the genitourinary system.
References
Gilbert J. A., Blaser M. J., Caporaso J. G., Jansson J. K., Lynch S. V., Knight R. Current understanding of the human microbiome. Nat Med. 2018. № 24(4). Р. 392–400.
Crovesy L., Masterson D., Rosado E. L. Profile of the gut microbiota of adults with obesity: a systematic review. Eur J Clin Nutr. 2020. № 74(9). Р. 1251–1262.
Ferretti P., Pasolli E., Tett A., Asnicar F., Gorfer V., Fedi S., et al. Mother-to-infant microbial transmission from different body sites shapes the developing infant gut microbiome. Cell Host Microbe. 2018. № 24(1). Р. 133–145.e135.
Mueller N. T., Whyatt R., Hoepner L, Oberfield S., Dominguez-Bello M. G., Widen E. M. et al. Prenatal exposure to antibiotics, cesarean section and risk of childhood obesity. Int J Obes (Lond). 2015. № 39(4). Р. 665–670.
Hyman R. W., Fukushima M., Jiang H., Fung E., Rand L., Johnson B., et al. Diversity of the vaginal microbiome correlates with preterm birth. Reprod Sci. 2014. Р. 21 (1). Р. 32–40.
Nelson D. B., Hanlon A., Nachamkin I., Haggerty C., Mastrogiannis D. S., Liu C., et al. Early pregnancy changes in bacterial vaginosis-associated bacteria and preterm delivery. Paediatr Perinat Epidemiol. 2014. № 28. Р. 88–96.
Hillier S. L., Krohn M. A., Cassen E., Easterling T. R., Rabe L. K., Eschenbach D. A. The role of bacterial vaginosis and vaginal bacteria in amniotic fluid infection in women in preterm labor with intact fetal membranes. Clin Infect Dis. 1995. № 20 (suppl 2). Р. S276–S278.
Hočevar K., Maver A., Vidmar Šimic M., Hodžić A., Haslberger A., Premru Seršen T., et al. Vaginal microbiome signature is associated with spontaneous preterm delivery. Front Med (Lausanne). 2019. № 6. Р. 201. doi:10.3389/fmed.2019.00201
Fettweis J. M., Serrano M. G., Brooks J. P., Edwards D. J., Girerd P. H., Parikh H. I., et al. The vaginal microbiome and preterm birth. Nat Med. 2019. № 25(6). Р. 1012–1021.
Makino H., Kushiro A., Ishikawa E., Kubota H., Gawad A., Sakai T., et al. Mother-to-infant transmission of intestinal bifidobacterial strains has an impact on the early development of vaginally delivered infant's microbiota. PLoS One. 2013.№ 8(11). Р. e78331. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0078331
Dogra S., Sakwinska O., Soh S-E., Ngom-Bru C., Brück W. M., Berger B., et al. Dynamics of infant gut microbiota are influenced by delivery mode and gestational duration and are associated with subsequent adiposity. mBio. 2015. № 6 (1). Р. e02419–14. doi:10.1128/mBio.02419-14
Bäckhed F., Roswall J., Peng Y., Feng Q., Jia H., Kovatcheva-Datchary P., et al. Dynamics and stabilization of the human gut microbiome during the first year of life. Cell Host Microbe. 2015. № 17 (5). Р. 690–703.
Fettweis J. M., Brooks J. P., Serrano M. G., Sheth N. U., Girerd P. H., Edwards D. J., et al. Differences in vaginal microbiome in African American women versus women of European ancestry. Microbiology (Reading). 2014. № 160(10). Р. 2272–2282.
Wells J. S., Chandler R., Dunn A., Brewster G. The vaginal microbiome in U.S. black women: a systematic review. J Womens Health (Larchmt). 2020. № 29(3). Р. 362–375.
Ogden C. L., Carroll M. D., Curtin L. R., McDowell M. A., Tabak C. J., Flegal K. M. Prevalence of overweight and obesity in the United States, 1999-2004. JAMA. 2006. № 295(13). Р. 1549–1555. doi:10.1001/jama.295.13.1549
Escobar-Morreale H. F. Polycystic ovary syndrome: definition, aetiology, diagnosis and treatment. Nat Rev Endocrinol. 2018. № 14(5). Р. 270–284.
Hong X., Qin P., Huang K., Ding X., Ma J., Xuan Y., et al. Association between polycystic ovary syndrome and the vaginal microbiome: a case-control study. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf). 2020. № 93(1). Р. 52–60.
Fettweis J. M., Serrano M. G., Sheth N. U., Mayer C. M., Glascock A. L., Brooks J. P., et al. Species-level classification of the vaginal microbiome. BMC Genomics. 2012. № 13 (suppl 8). Р. S17. doi:10.1186/1471-2164-13-S8-S17
