FEATURES OF REHABILITATION MANAGEMENT FOR BURN INJURY AT THE STAGES OF REHABILITATION TREATMENTY

Abstract

This article addresses current issues in the comprehensive physical therapy and rehabilitation management of patients with burn disease. Through an analysis of domestic and international experience, the necessity of a multidisciplinary approach encompassing the acute, intermediate, and long-term rehabilitation phases is substantiated. Particular attention is paid to contracture prevention, with a focus on early positioning and splinting methods. The roles of kinesitherapy and occupational therapy in restoring functional independence and work capacity are outlined. Particular emphasis is placed on the importance of psychological support and social reintegration for patients. Objective. To justify the implementation of a comprehensive physical therapy system for patients with burn disease across the acute, intermediate, and long-term rehabilitation phases. This system is aimed at preventing contractures and joint stiffness, restoring functional independence, and facilitating successful psychosocial reintegration. Materials and Methods. A review of scientific and methodological literature, clinical protocols from the Ministry of Health of Ukraine, and current international guidelines, incorporating specific expertise from specialists in the UK and USA on burn treatment and rehabilitation. Results. The study established that burn injury triggers systemic pathological reactions requiring differentiated interventions according to the stage of healing. Clinical data confirm that aggressive correction protocols (hypercorrection algorithms) for positioning and custom-made splints significantly reduce the risk of contracture formation. Integrating occupational therapy into the rehabilitation process not only enhances limb biomechanics but also fosters stable compensatory skills for daily living. Furthermore, early psychological support and adequate pain control were found to be crucial for maintaining patient adherence to therapeutic exercise regimens. Conclusions. Successful reintegration of burn survivors is achievable only through a continuous rehabilitation cycle from hospitalization to outpatient care. A key direction for advancing burn rehabilitation is the transition from passive care to an active strategy of self-directed training. Restoring movement biomechanics and addressing psychoemotional distress can significantly enhance vocational reintegration. Thus, a multidisciplinary model integrating physical, occupational, and psychosocial components is the most effective approach for mitigating the long-term consequences of burn injury